Pakupanga zida zamagetsi zazikulu zamagalimoto ndi makina omanga, camshaft imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa injini. Kulondola kwa mawonekedwe ake ndi kutha kwake pamwamba kumakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu ya injini, kusalala kwa ntchito, komanso moyo wautumiki. Makina opukusira a kamera wamba amakumana ndi zovuta monga kusakwanira kulondola kwa makina, kugwiritsa ntchito kovuta, kugwirizanitsa zinthu zochepa komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito. Yokhala ndi zomangamanga zolondola zamakina, makina anzeru a digito a CNC komanso ukadaulo wopukusira wa CBN wothamanga kwambiri, SUPER T-750CBN yonse.Makina opukusira a CNC CBN camshaftimapereka zida zopukutira zolondola kwambiri komanso zodzipangira zokha zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zikupezeka ngati chisankho chabwino kwambiri popanga ma camshafts apakatikati mpaka apamwamba kwambiri.
1. Mikhalidwe Yosiyanasiyana Yogwirira Ntchito Yokhazikika Komanso Yodalirika
1.1Kugwirizana kwa Malo Ogwirira Ntchito Osinthasintha
Makina opukusira awa ali ndi kuthekera kosinthasintha kwambiri kuti agwirizane ndi malo opangira mafakitale. Amatha kugwira ntchito mokhazikika mkati mwa kutentha kwa 5–50°C komanso chinyezi cha ≤80%. Amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi zamakampani za AC380V±10% ndi 50Hz, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi momwe magetsi amagwiritsidwira ntchito m'malo ambiri opangira makina. Malo oyika makinawo ayenera kutetezedwa ku mphamvu ndi kugwedezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, kutseka mapaipi mwamphamvu ndikofunikira kuti madzi ndi mafuta asatuluke, kuti asunge kulondola kwa nthawi yayitali kwa kudyetsa molondola ndi ma spindle ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kulephera kwa zida.
1.2Kugwirizana Kwambiri ndi Camshaft Workpieces
Makinawa adapangidwa mwapadera kuti azigwira ntchito yopangira camshaft, zinthu zothandizira zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chapakati cha kaboni, chitsulo chonyamula, chitsulo chapamwamba cha alloy ndi chitsulo cha kaboni chochepa. Amagwira ntchito yogwirira ntchito yokhala ndi kuuma kwa pamwamba kuyambira 43 mpaka 65 HRC ndi gawo la machining radius la 2–3 mm, lomwe limaphimba malo obisika a camshaft opangira injini.
2. Mafotokozedwe Aukadaulo Apakati & Kugwira Ntchito Kwapamwamba Kwambiri
2.1Seti Yathunthu ya Magawo Aukadaulo Aukadaulo
SUPER T-750CBN ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga camshaft yaying'ono komanso yayikulu:
- Chidutswa cha ntchito chopukutidwa: Φ10–260 mm
- Kutalika kwapakati: 160 mm; mtunda waukulu pakati pa malo ndi kutalika kwakukulu kopera: 750 mm
- Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chimayikidwa pa gudumu lopukusira: 0.0001 mm
- Kulemera kwakukulu kwa workpiece: 80 kg; liwiro lozungulira la workpiece yosinthika: 0–150 r/min
- Kukula kwa gudumu lopukusira la CBN lokhala ndi vitrified: Φ510×Φ40×(15–60)×127 mm, liwiro lolunjika mpaka 80–100 m/s, loyendetsedwa ndi mota yayikulu ya 30 kW
- Zizindikiro zolondola za makina: kulolerana kwa mbiri ya kamera ± 0.03 mm, kulolerana kwa ngodya yoyandikana 0.005 mm/°, kuthamanga kwa bwalo loyambira ≤0.025 mm, kuuma kwa pamwamba pa kugaya Ra ≤0.32 µm
- Kulemera konse kwa makina: 7,500 kg; kukula konse: 3500×1950×1900 mm
- Chopopera cha spindle cha Headstock: Chopopera cha Morse cha MT No.5, chomwe chimapereka zomangira zokhazikika pa ntchito zolemera.
1.1Mfundo Zazikulu za Kapangidwe ka Makina & Dongosolo Lolamulira Lanzeru
1.1.1Dongosolo Lowongolera la CNC Losavuta Kugwiritsa Ntchito
Makinawa amagwiritsa ntchito makina a Taiwan Syntech 210MA-E5 CNC okhala ndi chophimba cha mainchesi 15. Amalowa m'malo mwa mapulogalamu ovuta achikhalidwe a G-code ndi ntchito yojambula ndi kukambirana mawu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yosavuta popanda chidziwitso chaukadaulo pa mapulogalamu. Amathandizira kusungira magawo onse opangira; ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusintha magulu opanga mwachangu potumiza mafayilo osungidwa a pulogalamu. Ndi ntchito zolowetsa zokha za tebulo lokweza ndi kukweza, kuyika kamodzi kokha kumathandiza kupukuta bwino mawonekedwe onse akunja a camshaft, zomwe zimafupikitsa kwambiri nthawi yokhazikitsa kusintha kwa malonda.
1.1.2Makina Olimba Okhala ndi Mtundu wa T Bed & Dual-Axis High-Precision Feeding Mechanism
Bedi la makina opangidwa ndi T limalekanitsa kuyenda kwa workpiece yopingasa ndi chakudya cha mawilo opukutira chachitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kapangidwe kake kakhale kolimba kwambiri.
1. X-axis yopukusira gudumu chakudya: Yoyendetsedwa ndi injini ya Jacobes linear yokhala ndi closed-loop grating ruler feedback, yolumikizidwa ndi ma THK roller linear guides olemera. Imapereka kulimba komanso kuyankha bwino kwambiri, kuchotsa kupitirira muyeso panthawi yopukutira kamera yokwezedwa kwambiri ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kamera ikusintha bwino ndi malo apamwamba komanso kulondola kobwerezabwereza.
2. Chakudya chopingasa cha Workpiece: Yomangidwa ndi njanji zolimba zophimbidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi manja, zoyendetsedwa ndi mota ya servo yokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zomangira za mpira zomwe zimalowetsedwa kunja, kuphatikiza kulondola kwa kayendedwe kapamwamba komanso kulimba kwa kapangidwe kake kuti makina okhazikika azitha kugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali.
1.1.3Hydrostatic Grinding Wheel Spindle & Precision Dress Unit
Chopondera chapakati ndi chopondera cha hydrostatic spindle cha 7.5 kW chokhala ndi axial ndi radial runout ≤0.002 mm. Gudumu la CBN limafika liwiro lalikulu lozungulira la 4000 RPM, lothandizidwa ndi makina oziziritsira madzi odziyimira pawokha komanso kutseka kwa pneumatic kuti liwongolere kusintha kwa kutentha panthawi yopondera mwachangu. Pa chopondera cha CBN wheel, chopondera cha diamondi chamagetsi cha 1.5 kW chimayenda pa 8000–10000 RPM chokhala ndi malamulo osinthasintha a liwiro. Choponderacho chikayikidwa kunja kwa bokosi la headstock, chimayang'aniridwa ndi makina ozindikira a AE ultrasonic kuti chitsimikizire kulondola kwa pamwamba pa gudumu nthawi zonse.
1.1.4Mutu Wokongola Kwambiri & Mchira Wa Hydraulic
Chopondapo cha mutu chimayendetsedwa mwachindunji ndi mota ya torque yamphamvu kwambiri yokhala ndi angle encoder, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwongolerocho chikhale cholondola kwambiri komanso chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, chothandizidwa ndi ma bearings a spindle olondola kwambiri kuti chikhale cholimba kwambiri. Chili ndi MT No.5 live center. Chopondapo chamtundu wa rail chimagwiritsa ntchito hydraulic drive ndi spring clamping, chokhala ndi 50 mm sleeve travel ndi arc-tip special center. Kutulutsa kwa tailstock kolamulidwa ndi phazi kumalumikizidwa ndi ma cycle odzipangira okha kuti apewe zoopsa zogwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.
1.1.5Kuziziritsa Kwambiri & Chitetezo Chonse Chotsekedwa
Dongosolo loziziritsira lophatikizidwa limaphatikizapo thanki yoziziritsira ya 600 L, separator yamaginito ya 300 mm mulifupi ndi chipangizo chochotsera zonyansa cha vortex chokhala ndi kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa 200 L/min, kulondola kwa kusefa kwa 30–50 μm ndi chiller chothirira cha 3900 W chopanda zinthu zosefera zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Masensa oyenda ndi madzi amalumikizana ndi makina a CNC kuti ayambe alamu yodziwikiratu komanso kuzimitsa kuti zitetezeke. Chipinda chachitsulo chokhala ndi chivundikiro chonse chili ndi malo otseguka pamwamba kuti chinyamule mosavuta zinthu zogwirira ntchito komanso chitseko chotetezeka cholumikizidwa chokha. Chipangizo chothandizira kubwezeretsa kuzizira kwa madzi chimayikidwa kuti chigwire utsi wolemera womwe umachitika panthawi yopukutira CBN, pamodzi ndi zida zotetezera zolakwika pazinthu zogwirira ntchito.
3. Kulondola kwa Machining, Miyezo Yovomerezeka & Zolemba Zaukadaulo
3.1Mafotokozedwe Ovomerezeka Okhazikika
Kapangidwe, kupanga ndi kuvomereza kwa SUPER T-750CBN zikugwirizana ndi GB/T9061—2006Mafotokozedwe Aukadaulo Athunthu a Zida Zodulira ZitsuloKupanga kosalekeza kwa zidutswa 10 zogwirira ntchito pa chojambula chilichonse cha kasitomala ndikofunikira kuti zivomerezedwe, popanda kuyatsa pamwamba pa kamera komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makina ngati njira yovomerezeka. Nthawi yeniyeni yopukusira imatsimikiziridwa ndi gawo limodzi la makina opangira zinthu zina za camshaft.
3.2Chithandizo Chonse cha Zolemba Zaukadaulo
4. Mndandanda Wokhazikika wa Zipangizo
Makina onse a SUPER T-750CBN amaperekedwa ndi makonzedwe athunthu otsatirawa:
Mapeto
SUPER T-750CBN yonseMakina opukusira a camshaft a CNCImagwirizanitsa chakudya chamagetsi cha mzere, spindle yothamanga kwambiri ya hydrostatic, kuvala mawilo anzeru a AE ndi ukadaulo wowongolera digito wokha. Imapereka kulondola kwabwino kwambiri pakupanga makina, magwiridwe antchito okhazikika komanso magwiridwe antchito osavuta, ikugwirizana bwino ndi zomwe opanga makina a camshaft amafunikira popanga bwino kwambiri komanso apamwamba. Monga njira yotsika mtengo m'malo mwa makina opukusira a cam ochokera kunja, imakonza bwino kwambiri magwiridwe antchito opanga ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolondola za camshaft.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-10-2026
